Week 10 Selective Y6 English Test

You are going to read an article about Autumn Leaves. Seven sentences have been removed from the article.

Choose from the sentences 1-8 the one which fits each gap (1-7).

There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Scientists understand how leaves change colour, but they don’t understand why.

Photographers, like painters, poets, and leaf peepers, have long been inspired by fall colour.
Consider Whit Bronaugh, whose pictures of leaves adorn these pages.

(1)______________________ He then relocated to Washington State and established a profession as a wildlife photographer who documents a wide range of subjects on film. But one thing appears to captivate him more than any other: the sheer beauty of fall leaves. That’s why, every year, he sets out into the woods with his cameras in quest of amazing color. (2)_______________________________

Of course, he is not alone. For millions of people, attending the yearly spectacular is a wonderful experience, especially for those of us who live and work in densely populated areas where the colours are primarily those of concrete, steel, and glass. I have some experience with this, having lived in Manhattan for a time in my life. (3)______________________

During such outings, the sun appeared especially bright, the skies vividly blue—a great backdrop for the colours that graced the region’s maples, birches, and other flora. The excursions north were both a pilgrimage and a much-needed respite for us.

According to therapists, the good sensations people experience in fall are not limited to those who go for a walk in the woods. (4)__________________________ “Place them in a room adorned with specific hues of red, and they immediately feel less aggressive and more peaceful,” says Bernard Vittone, director of the National Center for Treatment of Phobias, Anxiety, and Depression in Washington, D.C.

Vittone, like many other doctors, feels that a walk in the woods during the fall season may be beneficial. “We urge our patients to enjoy the fall foliage,” he says. (5)_________________________

Autumn might also elicit scientific ideas: What causes leaf colour to change in the first place? What is the source of the colour? Is there a practical reason for the shift in nature’s system of things? And why are the hues brilliant one year but only so-so the next?

(6)________________________ As the days become shorter, many trees’ growth systems begin to shut down. The abscission layer, or tiny cells at the base of each leaf, begins to dry out, chlorophyll evaporates, and photosynthesis ceases.

The colours that are currently appearing in the leaves are really there all year; they are pigments that are hidden by chlorophyll throughout the warmer months. (7)_______________________ The pigment anthocyanin, which is produced from sugar molecules stored in the leaves, is responsible for the fall reds and maroons in sugar maples, sumac, and other species. The influence of this chemical on colour is determined by the acidity or alkalinity of the tree. Red maples, which are more acidic, become red, whereas ash trees, which are alkaline, turn purple.

Using the following options, Fill the Gap ___ [1] ___?

You are going to read an article about Autumn Leaves. Seven sentences have been removed from the article.

Choose from the sentences 1-8 the one which fits each gap (1-7).

There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Scientists understand how leaves change colour, but they don’t understand why.

Photographers, like painters, poets, and leaf peepers, have long been inspired by fall colour.
Consider Whit Bronaugh, whose pictures of leaves adorn these pages.

(1)______________________ He then relocated to Washington State and established a profession as a wildlife photographer who documents a wide range of subjects on film. But one thing appears to captivate him more than any other: the sheer beauty of fall leaves. That’s why, every year, he sets out into the woods with his cameras in quest of amazing color. (2)_______________________________

Of course, he is not alone. For millions of people, attending the yearly spectacular is a wonderful experience, especially for those of us who live and work in densely populated areas where the colours are primarily those of concrete, steel, and glass. I have some experience with this, having lived in Manhattan for a time in my life. (3)______________________

During such outings, the sun appeared especially bright, the skies vividly blue—a great backdrop for the colours that graced the region’s maples, birches, and other flora. The excursions north were both a pilgrimage and a much-needed respite for us.

According to therapists, the good sensations people experience in fall are not limited to those who go for a walk in the woods. (4)__________________________ “Place them in a room adorned with specific hues of red, and they immediately feel less aggressive and more peaceful,” says Bernard Vittone, director of the National Center for Treatment of Phobias, Anxiety, and Depression in Washington, D.C.

Vittone, like many other doctors, feels that a walk in the woods during the fall season may be beneficial. “We urge our patients to enjoy the fall foliage,” he says. (5)_________________________

Autumn might also elicit scientific ideas: What causes leaf colour to change in the first place? What is the source of the colour? Is there a practical reason for the shift in nature’s system of things? And why are the hues brilliant one year but only so-so the next?

(6)________________________ As the days become shorter, many trees’ growth systems begin to shut down. The abscission layer, or tiny cells at the base of each leaf, begins to dry out, chlorophyll evaporates, and photosynthesis ceases.

The colours that are currently appearing in the leaves are really there all year; they are pigments that are hidden by chlorophyll throughout the warmer months. (7)_______________________ The pigment anthocyanin, which is produced from sugar molecules stored in the leaves, is responsible for the fall reds and maroons in sugar maples, sumac, and other species. The influence of this chemical on colour is determined by the acidity or alkalinity of the tree. Red maples, which are more acidic, become red, whereas ash trees, which are alkaline, turn purple.

Using the following options, Fill the Gap ___ [2] ___?

You are going to read an article about Autumn Leaves. Seven sentences have been removed from the article.

Choose from the sentences 1-8 the one which fits each gap (1-7).

There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Scientists understand how leaves change colour, but they don’t understand why.

Photographers, like painters, poets, and leaf peepers, have long been inspired by fall colour.
Consider Whit Bronaugh, whose pictures of leaves adorn these pages.

(1)______________________ He then relocated to Washington State and established a profession as a wildlife photographer who documents a wide range of subjects on film. But one thing appears to captivate him more than any other: the sheer beauty of fall leaves. That’s why, every year, he sets out into the woods with his cameras in quest of amazing color. (2)_______________________________

Of course, he is not alone. For millions of people, attending the yearly spectacular is a wonderful experience, especially for those of us who live and work in densely populated areas where the colours are primarily those of concrete, steel, and glass. I have some experience with this, having lived in Manhattan for a time in my life. (3)______________________

During such outings, the sun appeared especially bright, the skies vividly blue—a great backdrop for the colours that graced the region’s maples, birches, and other flora. The excursions north were both a pilgrimage and a much-needed respite for us.

According to therapists, the good sensations people experience in fall are not limited to those who go for a walk in the woods. (4)__________________________ “Place them in a room adorned with specific hues of red, and they immediately feel less aggressive and more peaceful,” says Bernard Vittone, director of the National Center for Treatment of Phobias, Anxiety, and Depression in Washington, D.C.

Vittone, like many other doctors, feels that a walk in the woods during the fall season may be beneficial. “We urge our patients to enjoy the fall foliage,” he says. (5)_________________________

Autumn might also elicit scientific ideas: What causes leaf colour to change in the first place? What is the source of the colour? Is there a practical reason for the shift in nature’s system of things? And why are the hues brilliant one year but only so-so the next?

(6)________________________ As the days become shorter, many trees’ growth systems begin to shut down. The abscission layer, or tiny cells at the base of each leaf, begins to dry out, chlorophyll evaporates, and photosynthesis ceases.

The colours that are currently appearing in the leaves are really there all year; they are pigments that are hidden by chlorophyll throughout the warmer months. (7)_______________________ The pigment anthocyanin, which is produced from sugar molecules stored in the leaves, is responsible for the fall reds and maroons in sugar maples, sumac, and other species. The influence of this chemical on colour is determined by the acidity or alkalinity of the tree. Red maples, which are more acidic, become red, whereas ash trees, which are alkaline, turn purple.

Using the following options, Fill the Gap ___ [1] ___?

You are going to read an article about Autumn Leaves. Seven sentences have been removed from the article.

Choose from the sentences 1-8 the one which fits each gap (1-7).

There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Scientists understand how leaves change colour, but they don’t understand why.

Photographers, like painters, poets, and leaf peepers, have long been inspired by fall colour.
Consider Whit Bronaugh, whose pictures of leaves adorn these pages.

(1)______________________ He then relocated to Washington State and established a profession as a wildlife photographer who documents a wide range of subjects on film. But one thing appears to captivate him more than any other: the sheer beauty of fall leaves. That’s why, every year, he sets out into the woods with his cameras in quest of amazing color. (2)_______________________________

Of course, he is not alone. For millions of people, attending the yearly spectacular is a wonderful experience, especially for those of us who live and work in densely populated areas where the colours are primarily those of concrete, steel, and glass. I have some experience with this, having lived in Manhattan for a time in my life. (3)______________________

During such outings, the sun appeared especially bright, the skies vividly blue—a great backdrop for the colours that graced the region’s maples, birches, and other flora. The excursions north were both a pilgrimage and a much-needed respite for us.

According to therapists, the good sensations people experience in fall are not limited to those who go for a walk in the woods. (4)__________________________ “Place them in a room adorned with specific hues of red, and they immediately feel less aggressive and more peaceful,” says Bernard Vittone, director of the National Center for Treatment of Phobias, Anxiety, and Depression in Washington, D.C.

Vittone, like many other doctors, feels that a walk in the woods during the fall season may be beneficial. “We urge our patients to enjoy the fall foliage,” he says. (5)_________________________

Autumn might also elicit scientific ideas: What causes leaf colour to change in the first place? What is the source of the colour? Is there a practical reason for the shift in nature’s system of things? And why are the hues brilliant one year but only so-so the next?

(6)________________________ As the days become shorter, many trees’ growth systems begin to shut down. The abscission layer, or tiny cells at the base of each leaf, begins to dry out, chlorophyll evaporates, and photosynthesis ceases.

The colours that are currently appearing in the leaves are really there all year; they are pigments that are hidden by chlorophyll throughout the warmer months. (7)_______________________ The pigment anthocyanin, which is produced from sugar molecules stored in the leaves, is responsible for the fall reds and maroons in sugar maples, sumac, and other species. The influence of this chemical on colour is determined by the acidity or alkalinity of the tree. Red maples, which are more acidic, become red, whereas ash trees, which are alkaline, turn purple.

Using the following options, Fill the Gap ___ [4] ___?

You are going to read an article about Autumn Leaves. Seven sentences have been removed from the article.

Choose from the sentences 1-8 the one which fits each gap (1-7).

There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Scientists understand how leaves change colour, but they don’t understand why.

Photographers, like painters, poets, and leaf peepers, have long been inspired by fall colour.
Consider Whit Bronaugh, whose pictures of leaves adorn these pages.

(1)______________________ He then relocated to Washington State and established a profession as a wildlife photographer who documents a wide range of subjects on film. But one thing appears to captivate him more than any other: the sheer beauty of fall leaves. That’s why, every year, he sets out into the woods with his cameras in quest of amazing color. (2)_______________________________

Of course, he is not alone. For millions of people, attending the yearly spectacular is a wonderful experience, especially for those of us who live and work in densely populated areas where the colours are primarily those of concrete, steel, and glass. I have some experience with this, having lived in Manhattan for a time in my life. (3)______________________

During such outings, the sun appeared especially bright, the skies vividly blue—a great backdrop for the colours that graced the region’s maples, birches, and other flora. The excursions north were both a pilgrimage and a much-needed respite for us.

According to therapists, the good sensations people experience in fall are not limited to those who go for a walk in the woods. (4)__________________________ “Place them in a room adorned with specific hues of red, and they immediately feel less aggressive and more peaceful,” says Bernard Vittone, director of the National Center for Treatment of Phobias, Anxiety, and Depression in Washington, D.C.

Vittone, like many other doctors, feels that a walk in the woods during the fall season may be beneficial. “We urge our patients to enjoy the fall foliage,” he says. (5)_________________________

Autumn might also elicit scientific ideas: What causes leaf colour to change in the first place? What is the source of the colour? Is there a practical reason for the shift in nature’s system of things? And why are the hues brilliant one year but only so-so the next?

(6)________________________ As the days become shorter, many trees’ growth systems begin to shut down. The abscission layer, or tiny cells at the base of each leaf, begins to dry out, chlorophyll evaporates, and photosynthesis ceases.

The colours that are currently appearing in the leaves are really there all year; they are pigments that are hidden by chlorophyll throughout the warmer months. (7)_______________________ The pigment anthocyanin, which is produced from sugar molecules stored in the leaves, is responsible for the fall reds and maroons in sugar maples, sumac, and other species. The influence of this chemical on colour is determined by the acidity or alkalinity of the tree. Red maples, which are more acidic, become red, whereas ash trees, which are alkaline, turn purple.

Using the following options, Fill the Gap ___ [5] ___?

You are going to read an article about Autumn Leaves. Seven sentences have been removed from the article.

Choose from the sentences 1-8 the one which fits each gap (1-7).

There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Scientists understand how leaves change colour, but they don’t understand why.

Photographers, like painters, poets, and leaf peepers, have long been inspired by fall colour.
Consider Whit Bronaugh, whose pictures of leaves adorn these pages.

(1)______________________ He then relocated to Washington State and established a profession as a wildlife photographer who documents a wide range of subjects on film. But one thing appears to captivate him more than any other: the sheer beauty of fall leaves. That’s why, every year, he sets out into the woods with his cameras in quest of amazing color. (2)_______________________________

Of course, he is not alone. For millions of people, attending the yearly spectacular is a wonderful experience, especially for those of us who live and work in densely populated areas where the colours are primarily those of concrete, steel, and glass. I have some experience with this, having lived in Manhattan for a time in my life. (3)______________________

During such outings, the sun appeared especially bright, the skies vividly blue—a great backdrop for the colours that graced the region’s maples, birches, and other flora. The excursions north were both a pilgrimage and a much-needed respite for us.

According to therapists, the good sensations people experience in fall are not limited to those who go for a walk in the woods. (4)__________________________ “Place them in a room adorned with specific hues of red, and they immediately feel less aggressive and more peaceful,” says Bernard Vittone, director of the National Center for Treatment of Phobias, Anxiety, and Depression in Washington, D.C.

Vittone, like many other doctors, feels that a walk in the woods during the fall season may be beneficial. “We urge our patients to enjoy the fall foliage,” he says. (5)_________________________

Autumn might also elicit scientific ideas: What causes leaf colour to change in the first place? What is the source of the colour? Is there a practical reason for the shift in nature’s system of things? And why are the hues brilliant one year but only so-so the next?

(6)________________________ As the days become shorter, many trees’ growth systems begin to shut down. The abscission layer, or tiny cells at the base of each leaf, begins to dry out, chlorophyll evaporates, and photosynthesis ceases.

The colours that are currently appearing in the leaves are really there all year; they are pigments that are hidden by chlorophyll throughout the warmer months. (7)_______________________ The pigment anthocyanin, which is produced from sugar molecules stored in the leaves, is responsible for the fall reds and maroons in sugar maples, sumac, and other species. The influence of this chemical on colour is determined by the acidity or alkalinity of the tree. Red maples, which are more acidic, become red, whereas ash trees, which are alkaline, turn purple.

Using the following options, Fill the Gap ___ [6] ___?

You are going to read an article about Autumn Leaves. Seven sentences have been removed from the article.

Choose from the sentences 1-8 the one which fits each gap (1-7).

There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use.

Scientists understand how leaves change colour, but they don’t understand why.

Photographers, like painters, poets, and leaf peepers, have long been inspired by fall colour.
Consider Whit Bronaugh, whose pictures of leaves adorn these pages.

(1)______________________ He then relocated to Washington State and established a profession as a wildlife photographer who documents a wide range of subjects on film. But one thing appears to captivate him more than any other: the sheer beauty of fall leaves. That’s why, every year, he sets out into the woods with his cameras in quest of amazing color. (2)_______________________________

Of course, he is not alone. For millions of people, attending the yearly spectacular is a wonderful experience, especially for those of us who live and work in densely populated areas where the colours are primarily those of concrete, steel, and glass. I have some experience with this, having lived in Manhattan for a time in my life. (3)______________________

During such outings, the sun appeared especially bright, the skies vividly blue—a great backdrop for the colours that graced the region’s maples, birches, and other flora. The excursions north were both a pilgrimage and a much-needed respite for us.

According to therapists, the good sensations people experience in fall are not limited to those who go for a walk in the woods. (4)__________________________ “Place them in a room adorned with specific hues of red, and they immediately feel less aggressive and more peaceful,” says Bernard Vittone, director of the National Center for Treatment of Phobias, Anxiety, and Depression in Washington, D.C.

Vittone, like many other doctors, feels that a walk in the woods during the fall season may be beneficial. “We urge our patients to enjoy the fall foliage,” he says. (5)_________________________

Autumn might also elicit scientific ideas: What causes leaf colour to change in the first place? What is the source of the colour? Is there a practical reason for the shift in nature’s system of things? And why are the hues brilliant one year but only so-so the next?

(6)________________________ As the days become shorter, many trees’ growth systems begin to shut down. The abscission layer, or tiny cells at the base of each leaf, begins to dry out, chlorophyll evaporates, and photosynthesis ceases.

The colours that are currently appearing in the leaves are really there all year; they are pigments that are hidden by chlorophyll throughout the warmer months. (7)_______________________ The pigment anthocyanin, which is produced from sugar molecules stored in the leaves, is responsible for the fall reds and maroons in sugar maples, sumac, and other species. The influence of this chemical on colour is determined by the acidity or alkalinity of the tree. Red maples, which are more acidic, become red, whereas ash trees, which are alkaline, turn purple.

Using the following options, Fill the Gap ___ [7] ___?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

Which of the statements below is not the reason why the weird species in Extract A chose to live in the tunnel?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

How did the gnomes’ appearance in Extract B when they first emerged?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

What was one of the gnomes, kobolds, and goblins’ habits?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

What impression did the main character in Extract A have toward the gnomes and their behaviours?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

What happened with the man in Extract B after he met the gnomes?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

Why did the weird species in Extract A hold a grudge against humans?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

Which extract mentioned gnomes who lived peacefully with humans?

Read the extracts below then answer the questions. 

EXTRACT A:

These mountains were full of hollow places beneath them; immense caves and twisting passages, some with water running through them, and some that glowed with all the colours of the rainbow when a light was shone on them.

In these deep tunnels resided a weird species of creatures known as gnomes, kobolds, and goblins. There was a popular rumour in the nation that they used to dwell above ground and looked just like other people. But, for some reason or another, the king had imposed what they considered too severe taxes on them, or had required observances of them that they did not like, or had begun to treat them with more severity, in some way or another, and impose stricter laws; and the result was that they had all vanished from the face of the country. According to tradition, instead of fleeing to another nation, they all took sanctuary in the subterranean tunnels, from where they never emerged except at night, and then only in small groups, and never to a large number of people at once. They were supposed to assemble even at night in the open air only in the least visited and most challenging portions of the highlands. Those who had seen them reported they had changed dramatically over generations, which was not surprising given that they lived away from the light, in cold, wet, and gloomy areas.

They were no longer ordinary unattractive; they were either completely terrible or ludicrously deformed in both face and shape. They said that no creation, no matter how wild the imagination portrayed by pen or pencil, could match the extravagance of their look. But I suppose many who stated so mistook some of their animal friends for the goblins themselves – more on that later. The goblins were not as far away from humans as such a statement might suggest. And as their bodies became malformed, so did their knowledge and intellect, and they were now capable of doing things that no mortal could perceive as possible.

But as they grew in wit, they grew in wickedness, and their great joy was to upset the humans who lived in the open-air story above them in every manner they could think of. They had enough affection left for each other to keep them from being absolutely cruel for the sake of cruelty to those who got in their way; but they still so fervently cherished the ancestral grudge against those who occupied their former possessions, especially against the descendants of the king who had caused their expulsion, that they sought every opportunity of taking over the reign; and despite being dwarfed and misshapen, they had enough strength. 

EXTRACT B:

Sharp bolts of lightning lit up the Traunstein at random and seemed to become closer and closer as if marching directly down on him. He wanted to flee, but he couldn’t because there was a thick mist in front of his eyes. He collapsed to the ground in a heap, uttering a piercing yell as the massive beast continued to advance.

The big mountain shattered, and a swarm of tiny, miniature mountain gnomes emerged, dancing grotesquely like sprites from another realm. They were dressed in white garments that looked like fleecy mists, with brass girdles that looked like sunbeams and a foggy substance that was intended to mantle that hung loosely over their little figures. They stomped down on him, barefoot. They began to chuckle as soon as they saw him, flocking around him in great delight. Then they placed their ridiculous little heads together and mocked him, muttering stories in falsetto tones to each other that he couldn’t comprehend. But he could see by the glint in their glittering tiny eyes that they meant him, that they had said something from his prior existence.

They gradually grew more daring and caressed his wet garments; several of the older ones knelt down to him and murmured in his ears. He let out a grunt. “It’s a sham! I’m not buying a single word of it! “He cried, insulting the entire devious band. In his rage, he tried to rise numerous times to drive them away—down into the rushing torrent, or back into their mountain cave; but he couldn’t move; his feet appeared to be paralyzed or tied to the ground. They laughed scornfully as they travelled through hills and valleys, dancing gleefully, and muttered the name of his wife once again.

A great light appeared around him, lighting the marshy waters, and unseen choirs sang softly as if angels were descending from heaven. His pupils dilated as he noticed a parade of little elves coming by, each holding a lighted taper in their small hands. In their midst, he noticed his dear mother looking wistfully at him. His eyes welled up with tears. What a lovely face! He wanted to go to her and hold her, but he couldn’t move. 

For questions 15 – 22, choose the option (A, B, C or D) which you think best answers the question

What did the second paragraph of Extract B tell about?

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

The stanzas of the poem above are categorized as

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

The son in the poem is presented as

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

Line 7 and 8 are best described as

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

The last line of the poem indicates that the dad actually

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

Line 5 and 9 are served as

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

What is the rhyme scheme of the poem?

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

Which line gives a funny context?

Hair-Raiser

Why are these hairs in your nose, Dad;

why all those hairs in your nose?

Those are vibrissae, my darling;

vibrissae, as everyone knows!

Why are there hairs on your chest, Dad;                                                        5

why are there no hairs on mine?

Hairs on your chest will come later, my son;

hairs on the chest take some time!

Why’s there no hair on your head, Dad;

why not a hair on your head?                                                                         10

Hair on the head is an optional extra –

now eat up your dinner, then bed!

The last word in lines 2 and 4 create a